Macro Nutrient and Selected Heavy Metals in Powered Herbal Medicine Sold in Nigeria
Ayobami Omozemoje Aigberua1, Sylvester Chibueze Izah2*
Citation : Ayobami Omozemoje Aigberua, Sylvester Chibueze Izah, Macro Nutrient and Selected Heavy Metals in Powered Herbal Medicine Sold in Nigeria International Journal of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products 2019 ,5(1) : 23-29.
This study evaluated the level of macro nutrient and selected heavy metals in powered herbal medicines sold in Nigeria. Five brands of powdered herbal medicines were purchased in triplicate across retail outlets in Port Harcourt, Rivers state, Nigeria. The trace metals (viz: nickel, iron, zinc, lead and cobalt) and macro nutrients (viz: calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium) in the herbal medicines were predigested, further concentrated, and prepared for analysis using the atomic absorption spectrometer. Results showed that the level of potassium, magnesium, sodium and calcium ranged from 13.42 - 204.03 mg/kg, 10.26 - 32.09 mg/kg, 6.84 - 8.01 mg/kg and 20.44 - 172.37 mg/kg respectively. The concentration of the macro nutrients were in the order; calcium> potassium > magnesium> sodium. Nickel and lead was not detected in the powdered herbs. Zinc, iron and cobalt concentration ranged from < 0.001 - 0.231 mg/kg, 6.817 - 15.253 mg/kg and < 0.001 - 0.014 mg/kg respectively. Among the trace metals, the percentage occurrence were 0.00%, 0.00%, 20.00%, 40.00% and 100.00% for nickel, lead, cobalt, zinc and iron respectively. Analysis of variance revealed that there was significant variation (P< 0.05) among the products for each of the detected metals. Findings of this study suggest that the herbal medicine is within safe level that could induce toxicity on the users based on the parameters analyzed