Since the birth of To Kill a Mockingbird, there have been researches and criticism on the analysis of racism, feminism and symbolic meaning embodied in it. As the novel is set in the nineteen thirties, it illustrates the years of the Great Depression between the lines and words, which was one of the severest economic recessions throughout the history, continuing for several years from 1929 to 1939. This book is not a documentary novel, but it is not difficult for readers to trace some economic and social hints of that time and even their influences to the characters and plots of the story. This paper is attempting to analyze and explore the possible reasons for Tom Robinson�s impoverished life and his false charge in terms of racism and economy, to demonstrate the root of his inevitable misery fate, offering a new interpretation path and reading interest of the novel.