Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus Faecalis and Enterococcus Faecium: Review
Tsegahun Asfaw*
Citation : Tsegahun Asfaw, Biofilm Formation by Enterococcus Faecalis and Enterococcus Faecium: Review International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences. 2019, 7(4) : 5-10.
Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are normal intestinal floras of humans and animals. Recently, these organisms' causes serious infections especially in immunocompromised patients and among the leading cause of hospital acquired infections. They are less virulent when compared with other pathogenic organisms. However, E. faecalis and E. faecium biofilms are the major virulence factor of these two species. Biofilms are the population of microorganisms on a biotic or biotic medical devices enclosed by extracellular matrix. They are physiologically different from free flatting bacteria. Biofilms of E. faecalis and E. faecium associated with medical devices are the major contributor in the spread of these organism's infections and antibiotic resistance. In general E. faecalis and E. faecium are strong biofilm producers and biofilms are an important factor in the pathogenesis of these organisms. As a result, patients infected with these organisms' biofilms are very difficult to treat. Hence, the health care workers strongly perform on the infection prevention to prevent medical device mediated E. faecalis and E. faecium biofilm associated infections. Therefore, this review discuses E. faecalis and E. faecium bifolims formation and role in disease pathogenesis.