This preliminary investigation attempted enumeration of total bacterial population as well as the starch-hydrolysing, cellulose-degrading and phosphate-solubilising bacteria from the gut of earthworm species Eudrilus eugeniae fed on organic substrates, namely leaf litter (LL) and kitchen waste (KW). The rapid increase in the population and morphometrics of earthworms indicated efficient utilisation of the substrates by them. The bacterial communities altered during the passage of organic material through the gut of E. eugeniae. Surprisingly, the total number of bacteria in the gut sample of earthworms fed on LL as well as KW was 4.4 x 108 CFU/gm. Analysis of population of different bacterial communities on various growth media indicated the presence of various enzyme producing bacteria in the gut of E. eugeniae. After 30 days of vermicomposting, the bacterial count in the gut sample of E. eugeniae able to hydrolyse the starch was found to be 3.3 x 108 and 3.4 x 108 ; degrade the cellulose was 3.1 x 108 and 3.2 x 108 and solubilise the phosphate was 3.2 x 108 and 3.3 x 108 CFU/gm, from LL and KW samples, respectively. Morphological variation among bacterial colonies appearing on solid media suggested that diverse bacteria are present in the gut of E. eugeniae. Further, biochemical characterisation and molecular identification is recommended so as to employ the potential bacterial activity in organic waste management to a greater extent