Studies have shown that women in Nigeria play a crucial role in food security due to their active involvement in agriculture. However, they are viewed as insignificant partners and not accorded due attention. As a result of this, women suffer numerous limitations. Generalizing female roles in agriculture as well as their contributions could be misleading because it varies according to geographical and cultural context. Thus, this research looked at rural women's participation in agriculture within the Ijaw ethnic context. 400 households were selected through a double stage random sampling technique from 44 rural communities in 22 Local government areas, across 5 States in the Niger Delta. Relevant data were gathered with the help of a semi-structured interview schedule and analysed using the descriptive method. The analysis revealed that women who engaged in agriculture were more than men across states and ecological zones of the study area. Women constitute 78.6% of labour in agriculture amongst households in the mangrove forest and coastal zone and 71.1% in freshwater swamp zone. Women constitute 51.4% of labour in agriculture in Akwa Ibom State, 78.9% in Rivers State, 73.1% in Bayelsa State, 74% in Delta State and 77.8% in Ondo State. Overall, women constitute above 74.9% of labour in agriculture amongst households in the study area. The study recommended that women and men engaged in agriculture should be proportionally represented in the planning and implementation process of agricultural policies, either by the male-female ratio of agricultural labour in the regions or by the male-female ratio of the population of the area involved.