The literature review was intended to examine the nature of relationship that exists between supply chain quality management (SCQM) practices, complementary firm assets, competitive advantage and organizational performance. This was necessitated by the need to identify the SCQM practices, complementary firm assets, indicators of competitive advantage and multiple dimensions of firm performance for the purpose of developing a conceptual model. The study discussed relevant theories on which relationships between SCQM practices, firm characteristics, competitive advantage and organizational performance are anchored. Next relationship between the variables is highlighted. A summary of previous studies was then presented emphasizing the authors, key objectives, findings, knowledge gaps and how this study will address the gaps. The section ends with formulating hypotheses based on the developed conceptual framework. The comprehensive model will available to researchers for testing, review and modification in various contexts and managers as performance and supply chain evaluation and auditing. The study found that variables are multidimensional and developed a conceptual framework. However, the model should be subjected to empirical testing.