In the last decade, supply chain management has played an important role in leading organizations today to; succeed in their business goals, gain competitive advantages, and improve business performance. As the result of that, most scholars have extensively and repeatedly studied a topical issue in strategic supply chain management with the objective of improving business performance in ideal situation. This is because the uncertain factors in current business world, are crucial in both supply and demand sides to influence many companies to continuously work on adopting proper value chains in their organizations. However, there has been little effort to unmask the impact of these uncertain factors that cause inefficiency in the supply chains especially on particular food supply chain that is NCPB rice supply chain in a conceptual framework. This study is a critical analysis of literature to develop the conceptual framework that is proposed to analyze the relationship among uncertain factors, rice supply chain practices, and rice supply chain performance as well as to discuss research methodology.