The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization on photosynthetic characteristics, yield and quality of Pulsatilla chinensis were studied in order to provide theoretical basis for standardized production of Pulsatilla chinensis. Field experiments were conducted with three factors quadratic saturation and D- optimal design, and photosynthetic parameters, dry matter quality and total saponin content of leaves were measured. The results showed that Pulsatilla chinensis had the greatest demand for nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer had greater influence on photosynthetic characteristics, root growth and quality, and potassium fertilizer had more obvious influence on the growth of aboveground parts. In field cultivation, Pulsatilla should be properly proportioned with comprehensive consideration of yield and quality. the optimal fertilization scheme is nitrogen 180 kg / hm², phosphorus 225 kg / hm² and potassium 79.8 kg / hm².