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  DOI Prefix   10.20431


 

International Journal of Scientific and Innovative Mathematical Research
Volume 5, Issue 12, 2017, Page No: 28-39

Optimal Control Strategy for Hepatitis B Virus Epidemic in Areas of High Endemicity

IJALANA Clara O1,YUSUF Tajudeen T2

Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

Citation : IJALANA Clara O,YUSUF Tajudeen T, Optimal Control Strategy for Hepatitis B Virus Epidemic in Areas of High Endemicity International Journal of Scientific and Innovative Mathematical Research 2017,5(12) : 28-39

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus infection remains endemic in some parts of northern Nigeria despite the availability of a potent vaccine against the infection. There is therefore the need for continuous efforts to eradicate the disease in order to forestall its spread to other parts of the country, more so that the disease highly infectious. We present an improved deterministic model to describe the spread of Hepatitis B virus infection in areas of high endemicity using vaccination of the susceptibles and early detection cum effective treatment of acute Hepatitis B virus infected individuals as control measures. We formulate an optimal control problem subject to the model dynamics incorporating the two control measures with the goal of finding the optimal combination of the two control measures that will minimize the cost of implementing the control measures as well as reduce the incidences and prevalence of the disease. Using Pontryagin's maximum principle, we obtain the optimality system and solve the system numerically. Our simulations shows that starting treatment for acutely infected individuals early enough and improving the potency of the vaccines reduces the incidence and prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection drastically within ten years.


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