Cultural value orientation patterns vary not only across the world cultures but also vary among sub-cultures within a given society. Based on Kluckhohn & Strodtbeck's analytical framework and descriptive case study method this paper reviews relevant literature to compare value orientation patterns and also discusses its effects between majority (Muslim) and minority (Hindu, Santal, and Oraon) ethnic communities in Bangladesh. Following the model cross-cultural literature and also result of descriptive case study method revealed that there were significant differences in value orientations between the majority and minority ethnic communities in Bangladesh. The variations in cultural value orientations were more likely to affect interethnic social relations (e.g., socio-cultural deprivation and threat) for the minority ethnic groups, especially Santal and Oraon in north-western region. These findings may be implied in social philosophy and social practice to improve inter-ethnic social relations in Bangladesh.